@prefix : .
@prefix dct: .
@prefix foaf: .
@prefix iqvoc: .
@prefix owl: .
@prefix rdf: .
@prefix rdfs: .
@prefix schema: .
@prefix skos: .
@prefix void: .
:_3a68a9af skos:prefLabel "Bedouin"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Beduinen"@de.
:_b40dcdd8 skos:prefLabel "Beneventans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Beneventaner"@de.
:_de3099f9 skos:prefLabel "French"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Franzosen"@de.
:_7f11bb67 skos:prefLabel "Mexicans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Mexikaner"@de.
:_b00bc5e9 skos:prefLabel "Gauls"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Gallier"@de.
:_235c20db skos:prefLabel "Germans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Deutsche"@de.
:_ecc403b6 skos:prefLabel "Britons (Celts)"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Britannen"@de.
:_07763cec skos:prefLabel "Canadians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Kanadier"@de.
:_85bdc2fe skos:prefLabel "Goths"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Gothen"@de.
:_d0eb81b5 skos:prefLabel "Caribs"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Caraiben"@de.
:_2ba4f0f3 skos:prefLabel "Carthaginians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Carthager"@de.
:_8925f337 skos:prefLabel "Celts"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Kelten"@de.
:_f5f363de skos:prefLabel "Chaldeans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Chaldäer"@de.
:_07f6fcfe skos:prefLabel "Gyana-Ladies"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Guiana-Damen"@de.
:_bf232392 skos:prefLabel "Chinese"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Chinesen"@de.
:_6f48cda3 skos:prefLabel "Cimbrians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Cimbern"@de.
:_6749e0e6 skos:prefLabel "Dorians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Dorier"@de.
:_f5b9130e skos:prefLabel "Heruli"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Heruler"@de.
:_8fda775e skos:prefLabel "Egyptians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Ägypter"@de.
:_aaf0f23c skos:prefLabel "Hindus"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Hindu"@de.
:_b9e66df2 skos:prefLabel "English"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Engländer"@de.
:_71f31e2b skos:prefLabel "Etruscans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Etrusker"@de.
:_1a8327a9 skos:prefLabel "Huns"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Hunnen"@de.
:_e91542a9 skos:prefLabel "Iberians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Iberier"@de.
:_c4087582 skos:prefLabel "Illyrians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Illyrier"@de.
:_80415377 skos:prefLabel "Inca"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Inkas"@de.
:_74a482ba skos:prefLabel "Indians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Inder"@de.
:_0ef826db skos:prefLabel "Inhabitants of Chios?"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Chioten"@de.
:_c9137eee skos:prefLabel "Inhabitants of New Holland"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Neuholländer"@de.
:_58a3546e skos:prefLabel "Inhabitants of Tyre?"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Tyrer"@de.
:_fd9b4c76 skos:prefLabel "Inuit"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Inuit"@de.
:_fcda24f7 skos:prefLabel "Israelites"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Israeliten"@de.
:_013582cd skos:prefLabel "Italians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Italiener"@de.
:_d496d5ed skos:prefLabel "Social groups"@en.
:_f2b3fcdb skos:prefLabel "Italic peoples"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Italier"@de.
:_362c08af skos:prefLabel "Japanese"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Japanesen"@de.
:_56a04740 skos:prefLabel "Japydes"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Japygier"@de.
:_446d9efd skos:prefLabel "Germanic tribes"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Germanen"@de.
:_cdf2b028 skos:prefLabel "American Indians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Indianer"@de.
:_a8ab29af skos:prefLabel "Romans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Römer"@de.
:_8fcc2f7d skos:prefLabel "Jews"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Juden"@de.
:_e4eecf47 skos:prefLabel "Judeans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Judäer"@de.
:_4fe97f53 skos:prefLabel "Kalmyks"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Kalmücken"@de.
:_3714bfc6 skos:prefLabel "Kurds"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Kurden"@de.
:_2d0841cc skos:prefLabel "Lombards"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Langobarden"@de.
:_f4af376f skos:prefLabel "Tonga"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Tongaer"@de.
:_b635f911 skos:prefLabel "Lucchese"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Lucchesen"@de.
:_22abbabd skos:prefLabel "Lycians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Lykier"@de.
:_52f84c64 skos:prefLabel "Lyonese"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Lyoner"@de.
:_50d868cb skos:prefLabel "Macedonians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Makedonier"@de.
:_bbf95689 skos:prefLabel "Medes"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Meder"@de.
:_87410186 skos:prefLabel "Milesians (Irish)"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Milesier"@de.
:_88ad7662 skos:prefLabel "Minyans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Minyer"@de.
:_c0c260ee skos:prefLabel "Russians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Russen"@de.
:_116ae1e3 skos:prefLabel "Saracens"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Saracenen"@de.
:_f9cc28a7 skos:prefLabel "Americans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Amerikaner"@de.
:_cbeae204 skos:prefLabel "Arabs"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Araber"@de.
:_5216cc16 skos:prefLabel "Ashanti"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Aschanti"@de.
:_d7ae1770 skos:prefLabel "Asian barbarians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Asiatischen und Thrakischen Barbaren"@de.
:_c68f5c00 skos:prefLabel "Asians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Asiaten"@de.
:_89333b9b skos:prefLabel "Saxons"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Sachsen"@de.
:_13f7cbd2 skos:prefLabel "Assyrians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Assyrer"@de.
:_924ebebc skos:prefLabel "Mohammedans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Muhamedaner"@de.
:_1c169fea skos:prefLabel "Austrians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Österreicher"@de.
:_bab60d14 skos:prefLabel "Aztecs"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Azteken"@de.
:_96f02b41 skos:prefLabel "Babylonians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Babylonier"@de.
:_1b93ace6 skos:prefLabel "Scandinavians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Skandinavier"@de.
:_f9a2c0e4 skos:prefLabel "Mongols"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Mongolen"@de.
:_1ce6424f skos:prefLabel "Moors"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Mauren"@de.
:_ee537cab skos:prefLabel "Neapolitans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Neapolitaner"@de.
:_38792c68 skos:prefLabel "Florentines"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Florentiner"@de.
:_0ad7988f skos:prefLabel "Negroes"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Neger"@de.
:_3cb712fa skos:prefLabel "Normans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Normanen"@de.
:_8fb2dec3 skos:prefLabel "Scythians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Skythen"@de.
:_9ea19f2b skos:prefLabel "North Americans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Nordamerikaner"@de.
:_bd177952 skos:prefLabel "Skrælings"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Skrälinger"@de.
:_0d05a195 skos:prefLabel "North Europeans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Völker des Nordens von Europa"@de.
:_1de44ca6 skos:prefLabel "Onalaskans?"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Onalasker"@de.
:_f67fe875 skos:prefLabel "Parthians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Parther"@de.
:_92d4a8dc skos:prefLabel "Orientals"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Orientale"@de.
:_5c9c5f87 skos:prefLabel "Slavs"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Slaven"@de.
:_e1e400a8 skos:prefLabel "Pelasgians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Pelasger"@de.
:_a9d7237a skos:prefLabel "Peoples of the East"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Völker des Ostens"@de.
:_b7c1e899 skos:prefLabel "Persians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Perser"@de.
:_bfbf8c49 skos:prefLabel "South Sea Islanders"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Völker der Südsee"@de.
:_f1d9ee9e skos:prefLabel "Wild people"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Wilden"@de.
:_f486a46e skos:prefLabel "Greeks"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Griechen"@de.
:_a79efba9 skos:prefLabel "Swiss"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Schweizer"@de.
:_f0dc8a30 skos:prefLabel "Sybarites"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Sybariten"@de.
:_f8eb92d2 skos:prefLabel "Sámi people"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Samen"@de.
:_e77d7e4c skos:prefLabel "Tiroleans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Tiroler"@de.
:_00299ca9 skos:prefLabel "Toltec"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Tolteken"@de.
:_c306dd50 skos:prefLabel "Troglodytes"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Troglodyten"@de.
:_a07af343 skos:prefLabel "Tungus"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Tungusen"@de.
:_295a4968 skos:prefLabel "Turks"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Türken"@de.
:_4f61cb7e skos:prefLabel "Europeans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Europäer"@de.
:_045da91e skos:prefLabel "Peruvians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Peruaner"@de.
:_2b081a18 skos:prefLabel "Finns"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Finnen"@de.
:_43aea74b skos:prefLabel "Franks"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Franken"@de.
:_704cc924 skos:prefLabel "Phoenicians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Phönikier"@de.
:_415079d0 skos:prefLabel "Sidonians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Sidonier"@de.
:_5058ecb6 skos:prefLabel "Phrygians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Phrygiern"@de.
:_069cafb1 skos:prefLabel "Pisans"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Pisaner"@de.
:_5ada536f skos:prefLabel "Rajputs"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Radjputen"@de.
:_fb050907 skos:prefLabel "Roma"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Roma"@de.
:_2962ee93 skos:prefLabel "Barbarians"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Barbaren"@de.
:_18eb1dcb a skos:Concept;
skos:inScheme :scheme;
skos:prefLabel "Ethnic Groups"@en;
skos:prefLabel "Ethnische Gruppen"@de;
skos:altLabel "Races"@en;
skos:altLabel "Völker"@de;
skos:altLabel "Groupe ethnique"@fr;
skos:narrower :_3a68a9af;
skos:narrower :_b40dcdd8;
skos:narrower :_de3099f9;
skos:narrower :_7f11bb67;
skos:narrower :_b00bc5e9;
skos:narrower :_235c20db;
skos:narrower :_ecc403b6;
skos:narrower :_07763cec;
skos:narrower :_85bdc2fe;
skos:narrower :_d0eb81b5;
skos:narrower :_2ba4f0f3;
skos:narrower :_8925f337;
skos:narrower :_f5f363de;
skos:narrower :_07f6fcfe;
skos:narrower :_bf232392;
skos:narrower :_6f48cda3;
skos:narrower :_6749e0e6;
skos:narrower :_f5b9130e;
skos:narrower :_8fda775e;
skos:narrower :_aaf0f23c;
skos:narrower :_b9e66df2;
skos:narrower :_71f31e2b;
skos:narrower :_1a8327a9;
skos:narrower :_e91542a9;
skos:narrower :_c4087582;
skos:narrower :_80415377;
skos:narrower :_74a482ba;
skos:narrower :_0ef826db;
skos:narrower :_c9137eee;
skos:narrower :_58a3546e;
skos:narrower :_fd9b4c76;
skos:narrower :_fcda24f7;
skos:narrower :_013582cd;
skos:broader :_d496d5ed;
skos:narrower :_f2b3fcdb;
skos:narrower :_362c08af;
skos:narrower :_56a04740;
skos:narrower :_446d9efd;
skos:narrower :_cdf2b028;
skos:narrower :_a8ab29af;
skos:narrower :_8fcc2f7d;
skos:narrower :_e4eecf47;
skos:narrower :_4fe97f53;
skos:narrower :_3714bfc6;
skos:narrower :_2d0841cc;
skos:narrower :_f4af376f;
skos:narrower :_b635f911;
skos:narrower :_22abbabd;
skos:narrower :_52f84c64;
skos:narrower :_50d868cb;
skos:narrower :_bbf95689;
skos:narrower :_87410186;
skos:narrower :_88ad7662;
skos:narrower :_c0c260ee;
skos:narrower :_116ae1e3;
skos:narrower :_f9cc28a7;
skos:narrower :_cbeae204;
skos:narrower :_5216cc16;
skos:narrower :_d7ae1770;
skos:narrower :_c68f5c00;
skos:narrower :_89333b9b;
skos:narrower :_13f7cbd2;
skos:narrower :_924ebebc;
skos:narrower :_1c169fea;
skos:narrower :_bab60d14;
skos:narrower :_96f02b41;
skos:narrower :_1b93ace6;
skos:narrower :_f9a2c0e4;
skos:narrower :_1ce6424f;
skos:narrower :_ee537cab;
skos:narrower :_38792c68;
skos:narrower :_0ad7988f;
skos:narrower :_3cb712fa;
skos:narrower :_8fb2dec3;
skos:narrower :_9ea19f2b;
skos:narrower :_bd177952;
skos:narrower :_0d05a195;
skos:narrower :_1de44ca6;
skos:narrower :_f67fe875;
skos:narrower :_92d4a8dc;
skos:narrower :_5c9c5f87;
skos:narrower :_e1e400a8;
skos:narrower :_a9d7237a;
skos:narrower :_b7c1e899;
skos:narrower :_bfbf8c49;
skos:narrower :_f1d9ee9e;
skos:narrower :_f486a46e;
skos:narrower :_a79efba9;
skos:narrower :_f0dc8a30;
skos:narrower :_f8eb92d2;
skos:narrower :_e77d7e4c;
skos:narrower :_00299ca9;
skos:narrower :_c306dd50;
skos:narrower :_a07af343;
skos:narrower :_295a4968;
skos:narrower :_4f61cb7e;
skos:narrower :_045da91e;
skos:narrower :_2b081a18;
skos:narrower :_43aea74b;
skos:narrower :_704cc924;
skos:narrower :_415079d0;
skos:narrower :_5058ecb6;
skos:narrower :_069cafb1;
skos:narrower :_5ada536f;
skos:narrower :_fb050907;
skos:narrower :_2962ee93;
skos:changeNote [
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova";
dct:modified "2021-04-23T09:17:04+00:00"
];
skos:changeNote [
rdfs:comment "initial version"@en;
dct:created "2021-04-16T10:05:03+00:00";
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova"
];
skos:changeNote [
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova";
dct:modified "2021-04-22T13:54:17+00:00"
];
skos:changeNote [
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova";
dct:modified "2021-04-22T14:10:26+00:00"
];
skos:definition "Semper's use of various terms describing subdivisions of humanity is most closely aligned with the German word \"Volk\" in its 19th-century sense. As such, the categories that Semper applies when speaking about different societies are, in today's terms, a mixture of linguistic, ethnic, religious, and cultural terms together with designations that in the 19th century were believed to possess some kind of identifiable reality when describing groups of persons, but which are no longer understood in these terms today. These designations are often pejorative. One example of this is \"Wilden\" - the \"wild people\" - a term used to describe groups of persons living in a perceived primitive state. The understanding of \"Wilden\" as a clearly identifiable and bounded group rested on a set of pejorative assumptions about people whose material culture was interpreted as limited by Europeans, and whose lifestyle was judged by them to be close to nature, i.e. who were seen to be living like animals. At the same time, the tendency to equate linguistic and to some extent religious identities with ethnic ones, characteristic of 19th-century European thought, means that \"Cimbrians\" appear in Semper's writings as a \"Volk\", whereas today we would use the term \"Cimbrian speakers\". "@en;
skos:changeNote [
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova";
dct:modified "2021-04-23T09:19:22+00:00"
];
skos:changeNote [
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova";
dct:modified "2021-05-20T12:44:03+00:00"
];
skos:editorialNote """The way I have now labelled this is aligned with other SKOS thesauri that deal with similar concepts:
https://lod.data-archive.ac.uk/v2-skoshasset/en-GB/4c148b10-da8b-4b9b-ab4d-11edede7d27d
http://skos.um.es/unescothes/C01426
https://ukat.aim25.com/thesaurus/f4/mt430/1386/
The UK archival thesaurus makes reference to the UNESCO SKOS Thesaurus. Does that mean that it might be sensible for us to align with this too? The difference in our case is that what we are describing here are not our understanding of ethnic groups today, but Semper's one from the 1850s.
I have nested this under \"Social groups\" following the example of the UK Data Archive. Not sure in how far this makes sense in our case. It is a provisional solution."""@en;
skos:changeNote [
dct:creator "Elena Chestnova";
dct:modified "2021-05-20T12:54:03+00:00"
].